John reveals in the Revelation what was declared unto him by God. What is revealed within the book are things which must shortly come to pass. A blessing is pronounced on those that:
- Read the words of the prophecy
- Hear the words of the prophecy and
- Keep those things that are written therein
Can you read and not hear and hear and not read? Think about it – you can! Three important actions must be undertaken by the reader of Revelation to gain the blessing and understanding of this special book. What does ‘Keep’ mean? The Greek word is
ηρέω
tēreō
tay-reh'-o
From τηρός teros (a watch; perhaps akin to G2334); to guard (from loss or injury, properly by keeping the eye upon; and thus differing from G5442, which is properly to prevent escaping; and from G2892, which implies a fortress or full military lines of apparatus), that is, to note (a prophecy; figuratively to fulfil a command); by implication to detain (in custody; figuratively to maintain); by extension to withhold (for personal ends; figuratively to keep unmarried): - hold fast, keep (-er), (ob-, pre-, re) serve, watch.
To watch and to keep an eye on and hold fast certainly seem appropriate meanings to apply in this context. This book is a book of prophecy. Prophecy will be fulfilled. By reading and hearing this book, in addition to watching, the dedicated disciple of the word will be blessed by not only seeing the prophecies come to pass but teaching others about the soon return of the lamb of God whose testimony is the ‘spirit of prophecy’ (Revelation 19:10).
A symbol used within Revelation a number of times is the ‘beast from the bottomless pit’. It is the intention of this study to carefully examine this beast in the context of the passages it appears within and discover who or what this beast represents. The revelation of this beast will help us have a greater understanding of the events which have already taken place and will still take place as we approach the end of time in this world.
Introduction:
We will begin in Revelation 17 where an impure woman is sitting on the beast from the bottomless pit:
Revelation 17:1 And there came one of the seven angels which had the seven vials, and talked with me, saying unto me, Come hither; I will shew unto thee the judgment of the great whore that sitteth upon many waters:
Where does the woman sit? Who is this woman?
3 So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns.
7 And the angel said unto me, Wherefore didst thou marvel? I will tell thee the mystery of the woman, and of the beast that carrieth her, which hath the seven heads and ten horns.
9 And here is the mind which hath wisdom. The seven heads are seven mountains, on which the woman sitteth.
15 And he saith unto me, The waters which thou sawest, where the whore sitteth, are peoples, and multitudes, and nations, and tongues.
Jeremiah 51:24 And I will render unto Babylon and to all the inhabitants of Chaldea all their evil that they have done in Zion in your sight, saith the LORD.
25 Behold, I am against thee, O destroying mountain, saith the LORD, which destroyest all the earth: and I will stretch out mine hand upon thee, and roll thee down from the rocks, and will make thee a burnt mountain.
26 And they shall not take of thee a stone for a corner, nor a stone for foundations; but thou shalt be desolate for ever, saith the LORD.
In prophecy mountains can refer to kingdoms or nations just like Babylon is referred to as a destroying mountain which will become a burnt mountain. The woman in Revelation 17 described in verse 5 as
MYSTERY, BABYLON THE GREAT, THE MOTHER OF HARLOTS AND ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH was identified by Isaiah and her fate clearly stated she would become a 'burnt' mountain and be desolate forever.
Initially in Revelation chapter seventeen Babylon is described as sitting: "upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns." Further into the chapter John is informed:
Revelation 17:7 And the angel said unto me, Wherefore didst thou marvel? I will tell thee the mystery of the woman, and of the beast that carrieth her, which hath the seven heads and ten horns.
The angel begins by describing the beast:
8 The beast that thou sawest was, and is not; and shall ascend out of the bottomless pit, and go into perdition: and they that dwell on the earth shall wonder, whose names were not written in the book of life from the foundation of the world, when they behold the beast that was, and is not, and yet is.
9 And here is the mind which hath wisdom. The seven heads are seven mountains, on which the woman sitteth.
We already know that the woman sits on the beast but now John is given some additional information. She actually sits on the seven heads of the beast and these heads are described as mountains. She obviously has a great influence because she is perched upon these heads or mountains.
These heads are described further in the next verse:
10 And there are seven kings: five are fallen, and one is, and the other is not yet come; and when he cometh, he must continue a short space.
These mountains are kingdoms each having a king or have had a king. The five kings described as fallen at the time revealed in the vision have already been rulers in the history of the world. The sixth king is described as ruling and the next king to come - the seventh will only continue a short space.
The next verse reveals the final king who "was and is not":
Revelation 17:11 And the beast that was, and is not, even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition.
The beast which the woman rides IS once more present and as the final king will exert a powerful influence on last day events in this world's future.
One final clarification about where the woman sits is provided in verse 15: "And he saith unto me, The waters which thou sawest, where the whore sitteth, are peoples, and multitudes, and nations, and tongues." In Revelation 17 we have been told three different aspects about where the woman is seated:
SEAT ONE: Verse 3 - She sits on a scarlet coloured beast
SEAT TWO: Verse 9 - She sits on the seven heads of the beast which are described as seven mountains
SEAT THREE: Verse 15 - She sits on 'waters' or peoples, multitudes and nations or tongues.
In the final verse of this chapter we are told:
Revelation 17:18 And the woman which thou sawest is that great city, which reigneth over the kings of the earth.
The previous descriptions of where she is seated connected with this final description that she is 'a great city' and 'reigneth over the kings of the earth’ helps connect the dots. This whore or impure church has wielded influence over world kingdoms and their Kings ever since the little horn (Daniel 7) of the Papacy grew to be the power she is today. Her influence has not only affected the rulers but the many peoples or nations which they represent – they have committed fornication with her and are drunk with her wine or false doctrines (Jeremiah 51:7).
Babylon is said to be the “mother of harlots” (Revelation 17:5). By her daughters must be symbolized churches that cling to her doctrines and traditions and follow her example of sacrificing the truth and the approval of God, in order to form an unlawful alliance with the world. This church or spiritual Babylon has held and is holding power over the kings of the earth.
Revelation 17:1 And there came one of the seven angels which had the seven vials, and talked with me, saying unto me, Come hither; I will shew unto thee the judgment of the great whore that sitteth upon many waters:
Revelation 17:7 And the angel said unto me, Wherefore didst thou marvel? I will tell thee the mystery of the woman, and of the beast that carrieth her, which hath the seven heads and ten horns.
8 The beast that thou sawest was, and is not; and shall ascend out of the bottomless pit, and go into perdition: and they that dwell on the earth shall wonder, whose names were not written in the book of life from the foundation of the world, when they behold the beast that was, and is not, and yet is.
The beast from the bottomless pit plays a significant role in Revelation 17 and it is important that we now examine who this beast represents.
Revelation 17:3 So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns.
Characteristics of the Beast
*This beast is scarlet coloured
*This beast is full of names of blasphemy
* The beast has seven heads
* The beast has ten heads
* The beast is carrying the impure woman.
Discovering who or what this beast represents will need examination of other scriptures to assist our understanding. The colour of the beast is a standout feature.
Revelation 12:3 And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and behold a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and seven crowns upon his heads
Revelation 17:3 So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns.
G2847
Original: κόκκινος
Transliteration: kokkinos
Phonetic: kok'-kee-nos
Thayer Definition:
crimson, scarlet coloured. A kernel, the grain or berry of the "ilex coccifera" ; these berries are the clusters of the eggs of a female insect, the "kermes" (resembling the cochineal), and when collected and pulverised produces a red which was used in dyeing
scarlet cloth or clothing
Origin: from G2848 (from the kernel-shape of the insect)
TDNT entry: 16:32,5
G4450
Original: πυῤῥός
Transliteration: purrhos
Phonetic: poor-hros'
Thayer Definition:
having the colour of fire, red
Origin: from G4442
TDNT entry: 21:53,0
Part(s) of speech: Adjective
Strong's Definition: From G4442; fire like, that is, (specifically) flame colored: - red.
By comparing the two beasts mentioned thus far in Revelation we find there are distinct similarities. They have seven heads and ten horns. Their colours are similar but not identical. The beast in Revelation 12 has seven crowns upon his heads and we are told specifically who this beast or dragon is in the same chapter:
Revelation 12: 9 And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.
Satan is described as a red dragon with seven heads and ten horns. In verse 3 of chapter 12 it also describes the seven heads as having seven crowns. Examining Revelation 17 we find out some interesting information about the heads:
Revelation 17:8 The beast that thou sawest was, and is not; and shall ascend out of the bottomless pit, and go into perdition: and they that dwell on the earth shall wonder, whose names were not written in the book of life from the foundation of the world, when they behold the beast that was, and is not, and yet is.
9 And here is the mind which hath wisdom. The seven heads are seven mountains, on which the woman sitteth.
10 And there are seven kings: five are fallen, and one is, and the other is not yet come; and when he cometh, he must continue a short space.
11 And the beast that was, and is not, even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition.
Comparing the red dragon or Satan to the beast from the bottomless pit described in Revelation 17 we discover some really interesting information:
1. The seven heads are seven mountains: as discussed previously mountains are kingdoms in prophecy.
In verse 10 we are then introduced to the seven kings of the seven kingdoms. At the time John views the beast the sixth king is ruling. The seventh king is yet to appear and when he does will only continue for a short time. It is the description in verse 11 which is most astounding. We have an eighth king who is not one of the heads but who will rule as the eighth king and ultimately go into perdition - the beast from the bottomless pit himself - fulfilling the description: "even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition."
The seven heads on Satan the red dragon are crowned. These are representative of Satan's earthly kingdoms. Every worldwide kingdom represented by these seven crowned heads has ultimately succumbed to Satan's power, guidance and direction.
The description in Revelation 17: 11 stating that he ‘is of the seven’ refers to the power that helped these kingdoms arise - Satan was at the inception of every one of these seven kingdoms ensuring these powers and their kings followed his guidelines - it has always been Satan's desire to set up a kingdom of his own on earth. It is Satan's kingdom that is symbolised in Revelation 12:3: And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and behold a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and seven crowns upon his heads.
Revelation 12:17 And the dragon was wroth with the woman, and went to make war with the remnant of her seed, which keep the commandments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus Christ.
The woman representative of God's kingdom on earth was protected by God from annihilation. Ever since the birth of Christ and his victory on the cross Satan' s authority and kingdom on earth has been held in check. Satan has declared war on those who keep the commandments and have the testimony of Jesus Christ.
In the very next verse we see a beast arise:
Revelation 13:1 And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy.
This beast is made in the image of its creator. This is the uprising of Satan's kingdom on earth in the last days. Its key features are the same as those the dragon bears:
* seven heads
* ten horns
Other features that are different when comparing the dragon and this beast include:
*the ten crowns on the horns compared to the seven crowns on his heads pictured in Revelation 12
* this beast was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion
*one of his heads as it were wounded to death; and his deadly wound was healed:
The detailed description of this beast reveals extra dimensions that connect to the description of the beast from the bottomless pit described in Revelation 17. The ten crowns are specifically referred to in
Revelation 17:
12 And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, which have received no kingdom as yet; but receive power as kings one hour with the beast.
13 These have one mind, and shall give their power and strength unto the beast.
14 These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful.
The ten horns on the beast from the bottomless pit are ten kings. Those same ten horns are part of the beast that rises up out of the sea in Revelation 13. When the beast from the bottomless pit arises again from the sea or waters we see symbolised the rising of Satan's final world kingdom. The seventh head that is described thus: "and the other is not yet come; and when he cometh, he must continue a short space" Rev. 18:10. This kingdom is Satan's kingdom of all kingdoms. Six earthly kingdoms have come and gone since his first kingdom - Babylon of old. But this will be the one Satan believes will stand against the kingdom of God and be victorious! Satan has been able to unify the world under his creation of this end time one world government.
The unification of governments is described in Revelation 13: 2:
And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority.
This beast is described as a conglomeration of previous world kingdoms that Daniel saw in vision recorded in Daniel 7:12:
As concerning the rest of the beasts, they had their dominion taken away: yet their lives were prolonged for a season and time.
The time has come for the kingdoms represented in Daniel seven to again take centre stage. The lion, the leopard and the bear are all part of this multi-faceted beast that arises from the sea in Revelation 13.
According to the description we are given of this beast that the whore sits on there are three phases of the beast's overwhelming presence in the world:
1. The beast - WAS
2. The beast - IS NOT and
3. The beast - YET IS
The beast's ascension out of the bottomless pit results in those that dwell on the earth and whose names are NOT in the book of life to enter into a state of 'wonder' when they behold the beast that was and is not and yet is.
The book of Revelation reveals when these three phases take place. The 'wonder' phase is the final phase – ‘YET IS’. The ‘IS NOT’ phase occurs in between the final phase and the 'WAS' phase.
The 'WAS' phase has passed.
In Revelation 12 the actions of this beast in the 'WAS' phase are clearly revealed and summarised:
3 And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and behold a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and seven crowns upon his heads.
This beast is a great red dragon with seven heads, ten horns and seven crowns on his heads.
These are representative of Satan's earthly kingdoms. It is Satan's kingdom that is symbolised in Revelation 12:3
4 And his tail drew the third part of the stars of heaven, and did cast them to the earth: and the dragon stood before the woman which was ready to be delivered, for to devour her child as soon as it was born.
Satan has already drawn a third part of the stars of heaven and cast them into the earth and now he is waiting for the child to be born which he wants to devour.
Jude 6 And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day.
The fallen angels who have followed the dragon are destined for judgment but in the meantime they serve their master Satan - the red dragon.
Satan's initial key focus in Revelation 12 is to destroy God's son as soon as he is born. Influencing Herod to decree the destruction of all children in Bethlehem aged two years and younger:
Matthew 2:16 Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the wise men.
The birth of the son of God Jesus Christ on earth began an intense phase of demonic activity on earth. Satan was hell bent on destroying the son of God:
The period of Christ's personal ministry among men was the time of greatest activity for the forces of the kingdom of darkness. For ages Satan with his evil angels had been seeking to control the bodies and the souls of men, to bring upon them sin and suffering; then he had charged all this misery upon God. Jesus was revealing to men the character of God. He was breaking Satan's power, and setting his captives free. New life and love and power from heaven were moving upon the hearts of men, and the prince of evil was aroused to contend for the supremacy of his kingdom. Satan summoned all his forces, and at every step contested the work of Christ. DA 257.11
Satan's vehemence continued even after Christ was caught up to heaven after sacrificing his life for humanity. At this time his hatred was directed towards the 'woman':
Revelation 12:13 And when the dragon saw that he was cast unto the earth, he persecuted the woman which brought forth the man child.
This verse summarises the many varied attacks that were made upon those who followed Christ and his teachings. Christ’s disciples and the churches they established helped the truth flourish even under persecution. His true followers in the 'Dark Ages' of papal persecution also suffered, but the truth was not extinguished.
Revelation 12:14 And to the woman were given two wings of a great eagle, that she might fly into the wilderness, into her place, where she is nourished for a time, and times, and half a time, from the face of the serpent
Revelation 12:16 And the earth helped the woman, and the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed up the flood which the dragon cast out of his mouth.
For a time, times and half a time God's people and their belief in the word of God was kept safe from the ecclesiastical 'war' on heretics perpetrated by the Papacy. This time period ended in 1798 when France annexed Rome and Pope Pius VI was exiled to France where he died.
Satan's efforts to extinguish the followers of Christ were foiled. The Dark Ages were titled appropriately as Revelation 12:11 reveals:
And they overcame him by the blood of the Lamb, and by the word of their testimony; and they loved not their lives unto the death.
Satan pursued God's commandment keeping people with a fervent hatred that was never satisfied but they OVERCAME him!
The dragon, Satan, the beast from the bottomless pit had been overcome and the Papacy his loyal representative on earth, who implemented the persecutions of God's people, was now in shackles. The 'WAS' phase of the beast is complete. Satan's efforts to take-over the world and establish his kingdom on earth had been blocked. His efforts to destroy God's truth and people on earth were hindered greatly by the downfall of the papacy at the hands of Napoleon's forces.
John reveals how Satan feels in:
Revelation 12:17 And the dragon was wroth with the woman, and went to make war with the remnant of her seed, which keep the commandments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus Christ.
Satan's anger and hatred cannot be quenched. This is truly war! War against God! The earth will be his! God's commandment keeping people must be destroyed! It will take time to gather his forces and refocus his efforts to seduce and control the nations and set up his kingdom on earth. The IS NOT phase will not be long!
In the very next verse recorded by John in Revelation 13 we visualise Satan's efforts coming to fruition:
1 And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy.
2 And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority.
3 And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to death; and his deadly wound was healed: and all the world wondered after the beast.
The beast arising from the sea has the following characteristics:
*seven heads
*ten horns
*ten crowns upon the ten horns
*upon the seven heads the name of blasphemy
*the beast is like a leopard
*the beast has the feet of a bear
*and the mouth of a lion
In verse three we are informed that this beast has a head that has recovered from a deadly wound. The 'YET IS' phase is activated. It is the dragon or Satan that gives this beast his power, his seat and his great authority. This kingdom Satan believes will usher in his earthly reign. He is the god of this world and this world will be HIS kingdom!
Satan has created this beast or kingdom in his likeness. In Revelation 12 Satan is described as a red dragon with seven heads and ten horns (Revelation 12:3). This beast is composed of elements of past earthly kingdoms highlighted by Daniel in a vision (Daniel 7). In Revelation, John describes ONE beast with attributes of three of the kingdoms referred to by Daniel. Each of the beasts in Daniel seven were world powers of their time. Incorporating three aspects of these past kingdoms into one beast is designed to state that this beast is the KING of KINGDOMS! Satan has worked feverishly through the nations and their leaders to finally establish a kingdom that will worship him and him alone!
The beast is like a leopard. Daniel records the historical exploits of the leopard beast:
Daniel 7:6 After this I beheld, and lo another, like a leopard, which had upon the back of it four wings of a fowl; the beast had also four heads; and dominion was given to it.
Alexander the Great a famous king of Ancient Greece found great pleasure in war and liked to strike quickly. With leopard like precision Alexander has been credited with perfecting the cavalry charge. The leopard described by Daniel has wings adding even more speed to the beast's natural leopard fleet footedness.
The leopard's hunting technique is to either ambush its prey or to stalk it. In either instance, it tries to get as close as possible to its target. It then makes a brief and explosive charge (up to 60km/h), pouncing on its prey and dispatching it with a bite to the neck.
The 'explosive' charge of the leopard aptly describes Alexander's military tactics. The stealth of the leopard in the staging of its attack is also notable.
This leopard like beast is yet to arise from the sea but when it does expect to see it reveal the stealth and speed of a leopard as it governs and deals with any opposing influences.
The beast has the feet of a bear. The beast represented Media-Persia.
Daniel 7:5 And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side, and it had three ribs in the mouth of it between the teeth of it: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh.
Emphasis is being placed on the movements of the bear and the distance it will travel to seek out its prey. In the verse below the word used to describe the bear's actions is 'ranging' meaning it will rove or run to and fro:
Proverbs 28:15 As a roaring lion, and a ranging bear; so is a wicked ruler over the poor people.
The leopard like beast with bear's feet will move no matter where it needs to in order to enforce law and order to maintain the power, seat and great authority given to him by the dragon (Revelation 13:2). This beast will also speak with the mouth of a lion. Solomon accurately likens these to the attributes of a wicked ruler. This leopard like beast raised in the likeness of the dragon will be imbued with the hatred of its creator. It will rule and govern according to Satan's agenda - a plan to pursue, force, punish and ultimately destroy God's holy people.
A beast referred to by Daniel that does not appear to be referenced in the leopard like beast is described as different from the other beasts and destructive:
Daniel 7:7 After this I saw in the night visions, and behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns.
This beast has ten horns which is the only apparent similarity to the leopard beast, however, three of these horns are soon plucked up by a little horn. This beast with iron teeth represents the pagan kingdom of Rome. The reason why you don’t see this beast as part of the latter-day leopard beast is that the little horn rising represents the transition of Rome from paganism to the Papacy. The head that had a deadly wound on the leopard beast but has been healed reveals that a rebirth or revival of the Papacy/Vatican State has taken place. The Papacy at this time has a significant role to play in uniting the ten kings of this final new world order together. Political movements by the Papal state are significant. The whore in Revelation seventeen symbolises the Catholic church or Papacy who symbolically sits on the heads of the leopard like beast. The Papacy has a key influence on the government and religious decision making of the leopard like beast.
So it will be in the great final conflict of the controversy between righteousness and sin. While new life and light and power are descending from on high upon the disciples of Christ, a new life is springing up from beneath, and energizing the agencies of Satan. Intensity is taking possession of every earthly element. With a subtlety gained through centuries of conflict, the prince of evil works under a disguise. He appears clothed as an angel of light, and multitudes are “giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils.” 1 Timothy 4:1. DA 257.2
The leopard like beast is the seventh kingdom of the red dragon. He finally has all earthly governments and representatives attuned to his demands. They will follow his directions and implement his laws and he will ultimately rule this world as their king. This is a one world government.
The influence of the Papacy and Vatican State in current affairs in the world politically, religiously and globally is significant.
It is interesting to read Wikipedia's description of the 'Holy See':
The Holy See (Latin: Sancta Sedes, Ecclesiastical Latin: [ˈsaŋkta ˈsedes]; Italian: Santa Sede [ˈsanta ˈsɛːde]), also called the See of Rome or Apostolic See, is tjurisdiction of the worldwide Catholic Church, as well as a sovereign entity of international law, governing the Vatican City.
The Vatican City is a sovereign entity of international law.
The Holy See is one of the last remaining seven absolute monarchies in the world, along with Saudi Arabia, Eswatini(Swaziland), United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Brunei and Oman.[4][15][16] The pope governs the Catholic Church through the Roman Curia.
An absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the monarch holds supreme autocratic authority, principally not being restricted by written laws, legislature, or unwritten customs.[3]
There are two chains of control through which the Papacy influences the world. Through their political or sovereign state of the Vatican City and through their religious network of dioceses in the Catholic church throughout the world. These two influential powers are portrayed in prophecy as:
1. The Vatican City - acting as a sovereign state in the political sphere is the seventh king who continues for a short space before the beast from the bottomless pit becomes the eighth.
2. The Papacy - is the whore of Revelation 17. She sits on the heads and waters representing peoples, nations and tongues. Her doctrines have infiltrated the majority of Protestant churches.
Sitting on the seven heads of this beast from the bottomless pit is blasphemy or the impure whore or church of Revelation 17. Prophecy clearly represents the influence of the Papacy or Catholic Church:
7 And the angel said unto me, Wherefore didst thou marvel? I will tell thee the mystery of the woman, and of the beast that carrieth her, which hath the seven heads and ten horns.
8 The beast that thou sawest was, and is not; and shall ascend out of the bottomless pit, and go into perdition: and they that dwell on the earth shall wonder, whose names were not written in the book of life from the foundation of the world, when they behold the beast that was, and is not, and yet is.
This is the 'YET IS' phase. Note that those that dwell on earth ' SHALL WONDER' when they behold the beast that was, and is not, and yet is. It is almost like they are in a trance or spellbound and in reality that is an accurate description of their state of mind and mesmerized devotion they express towards the beast, its kings and its desires.
Blasphemy or vilification of the creator God of heaven is a prime focus of the whore and the Protestant churches that have consumed her lies. The law of the true God is made of none effect:
Revelation 13 : 4 And they worshipped the dragon which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him?
Worship and adoration of the dragon and the beast by those whose names are not written in the book of life is blasphemy.
Revelation 13: 5 And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months.
6 And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven.
7 And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations.
8 And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.
The seventh day sabbath of the Creator God established since the creation of the world is deemed insignificant and superseded by the first day of the week as an appropriate day for all nations to rest and worship on. The 'trinity' god is the god of this new order. The Papal influences are overwhelming at this time. The Papacy's deadly wound has been healed and the beast from the bottomless pit, Satan's one world government, eagerly endorses a day not sanctified by the Creator. War is then declared on the true God's saints. History repeats. Except this time Satan himself will manifest as Christ. He will be the 'eighth' king!
Revelation 17:10 And there are seven kings: five are fallen, and one is, and the other is not yet come; and when he cometh, he must continue a short space.
In verse 10 we are introduced to the seven kings of the seven kingdoms. At the time John views the beast the sixth king is ruling. The seventh king is yet to appear and when he does will only continue for a short time.
The next verse reveals the final king who "was and is not". The beast which the woman rides IS once more present and as the final king will exert a powerful influence on last day events in this world's future. It is the description in verse 11 which is most astounding. We have an eighth king who is not one of the heads but who will rule as the eighth king but ultimately go into perdition - the beast from the bottomless pit himself! The description: "even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition."
11 And the beast that was, and is not, even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition.
How can the beast from the bottomless pit be the eighth king?
"The beast that thou sawest was, and is not; and shall ascend out of the bottomless pit, and go into perdition." In the third phase the 'YET IS' phase the beast from the bottomless pit ascends. Where can we find evidence of this in Revelation?
Revelation 9
1 And the fifth angel sounded, and I saw a star fall from heaven unto the earth: and to him was given the key of the bottomless pit.
2 And he opened the bottomless pit; and there arose a smoke out of the pit, as the smoke of a great furnace; and the sun and the air were darkened by reason of the smoke of the pit.
A fallen star from heaven is given the key to the bottomless pit. That fallen star is Satan:
Isaiah 14:12 How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations!
In the fifth trumpet Satan receives the key to the bottomless pit and releases his devilish hordes from the bottomless pit. He is described in Revelation 9 as the king of the bottomless pit:
11 And they had a king over them, which is the angel of the bottomless pit, whose name in the Hebrew tongue is Abaddon, but in the Greek tongue hath his name Apollyon.
As king of the bottomless pit Satan arises when given the key. "There are seven kings: five are fallen, and one is, and the other is not yet come; and when he cometh, he must continue a short space.
11 And the beast that was, and is not, even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition.
The beast from the bottomless pit is the EIGHTH king. Satan is the EIGHTH king. He is of the seven and will go into perdition. All seven previous kings or kingdoms on earth have been brought into existence in an attempt by Satan to establish HIS earthly kingdom. The seven crowned heads on the red dragon represent those seven kingdoms. The seventh king will only continue a short space because Satan will arise deceiving the nations personating Christ. The Vatican city and its leader the Pope will accept Satan as the true Christ and bow down and worship him. The kingdom will be transferred to the authority of its true king - Christ (who in reality is Satan).
2 Thessalonians 2:9 Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders,
10 And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved.
11 And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie:
The strong delusion prophesied by Paul is the appearance of the eighth king - the beast from the bottomless pit - Satan himself.
Another important reference to the beast from the bottomless pit is found in Revelation 11:
3 And I will give power unto my two witnesses, and they shall prophesy a thousand two hundred and threescore days, clothed in sackcloth. note
4 These are the two olive trees, and the two candlesticks standing before the God of the earth.
5 And if any man will hurt them, fire proceedeth out of their mouth, and devoureth their enemies: and if any man will hurt them, he must in this manner be killed.
6 These have power to shut heaven, that it rain not in the days of their prophecy: and have power over waters to turn them to blood, and to smite the earth with all plagues, as often as they will.
7 And when they shall have finished their testimony, the beast that ascendeth out of the bottomless pit shall make war against them, and shall overcome them, and kill them.
The beast from the bottomless pit - the eighth king - Satan the fallen star is going to make war against God's witnesses after they have given their testimony. This very same 'war' is referred to in Daniel 12:
7 And I heard the man clothed in linen, which was upon the waters of the river, when he held up his right hand and his left hand unto heaven, and sware by him that liveth for ever that it shall be for a time, times, and an half; and when he shall have accomplished to scatter the power of the holy people, all these things shall be finished.
The time, times and an half is equivalent to the 'a thousand two hundred and threescore days', of Revelation 11. The scattering of the power of the holy people is accomplished in the war declared by the beast of the bottomless pit - Satan. It is also referred to in Daniel 11:
44 But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him: therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many.
Comparing scripture with scripture helps us view the panorama of events taking place during the time of the end. The beast from the bottomless pit formed in the image of its creator and king – Satan - has persuaded ten kings and their kingdoms to join in the conquest of God's witnesses:
Revelation 17:12 And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, which have received no kingdom as yet; but receive power as kings one hour with the beast.
13 These have one mind, and shall give their power and strength unto the beast.
These ten kings are symbolically represented on the beast in Revelation 13:
1 And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy.
These ten kings represented by the ten crowned horns give their power and strength to the beast and the crowns on the horns indicate the time this beast is pictured - it is when the kings of Revelation 17 receive power as kings one hour with the beast.
This beast is also pictured warring against God's witnesses:
Revelation 13:7 And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations.
The time period referred to when this conflict is taking place is also mentioned:
5 And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months.
Exactly the same period as aforementioned in Revelation Eleven.
The beast from the bottomless pit will arise again! Its arrival is imminent. The dragon will be the eighth king and will gladly welcome the kingdom he has worked so feverishly to engineer. A kingdom of united powers that will war against the lamb of God coming in the clouds of heaven:
Revelation 17:14 These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful.
God will be victorious and will redeem his people from the earth:
Isaiah 25:9 And it shall be said in that day, Lo, this is our God; we have waited for him, and he will save us: this is the LORD; we have waited for him, we will be glad and rejoice in his salvation.
SPIRIT OF PROPHECY - INSPIRATION
The Sabbath question will be the issue in the great conflict in which all the world will act a part. “They worshiped the dragon which gave power to the beast; and they worshiped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him? And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemy; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months. And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven. And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them; and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations. And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.” [Revelation 13:4-8.] 12LtMs, Ms 88, 1897, par. 15
“If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.” [Verse 9.] This warning is given to every son and daughter of Adam; and it is repeated over and over again. 12LtMs, Ms 88, 1897, par. 16
“He that leadeth into captivity shall go into captivity; he killeth with the sword must be killed with the sword. Here is the patience and faith of the saints.” [Verse 10.] This entire chapter is a revelation of what will surely take place. “And I beheld another beast coming up out of the earth; and he had two horns like a lamb, and he spake as a dragon. ... And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast, that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause that as many as would not worship the image of the beast should be killed. And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand or in their foreheads; and that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark or the number of the beast, or the number of his name.” [Verses 11, 15-17.] 12LtMs, Ms 88, 1897, par. 17
Notes on ‘Scarlet’
Revelation 17:3 So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns.
In the description of the Revelation 13 beast there is no mention of colour but this extra information is freely given in Revelation 17. The beast is scarlet coloured.
Revelation 17:4 And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication:
The woman atop of the beast is arrayed in purple and scarlet colour. The colour scarlet is often associated with 'royalty'. Scarlet was a preferred colour used in the tabernacle of God. It was used in curtains, vails, priestly garments eg. ephod and in sacrifices. Christ was clothed in a purple robe as a mocking gesture and 'Hailed' as King of the Jews before he was led off to his crucifixion. Daniel was also offered a scarlet robe as a reward for explaining to the King the meaning of his dream. Scarlet is also one of the items of merchandise that they can no longer sell after the destruction of Babylon.
Revelation 18:16 And saying, Alas, alas, that great city, that was clothed in fine linen, and purple, and scarlet, and decked with gold, and precious stones, and pearls!
17 For in one hour so great riches is come to nought. And every shipmaster, and all the company in ships, and sailors, and as many as trade by sea, stood afar off,
18 And cried when they saw the smoke of her burning, saying, What city is like unto this great city!
Spiritual Babylon's riches will come to nought. Although her dress and outward appearance was in scarlet highlighting her royal/queenly status and affirming her as a worthy source of spiritual enlightenment the colour scarlet also can represent sin. Her clothing belies her character. The purple and scarlet clothing covers the most heinous sins you could imagine. The golden cup in her hand is full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication.
Her scarlet apparel is deceiving. Although adorned in what appears as beautiful and attractive she is in reality covering her lies, her murders and her godless soul. She has cast aside the truth and promoted blasphemy against the creator God.
Comparisons between Revelation 13 and Revelation 17
7 And the angel said unto me, Wherefore didst thou marvel? I will tell thee the mystery of the woman, and of the beast that carrieth her, which hath the seven heads and ten horns.
8 The beast that thou sawest was, and is not; and shall ascend out of the bottomless pit, and go into perdition: and they that dwell on the earth shall wonder, whose names were not written in the book of life from the foundation of the world, when they behold the beast that was, and is not, and yet is.
This is the 'YET IS' phase. Note that those that dwell on earth ' SHALL WONDER' when they behold the beast that was, and is not, and yet is. It is almost like they are in a trance or spellbound and in reality that is an accurate description of their state of mind and mesmerized devotion they express towards the beast, its kings and its desires.
Blasphemy or vilification of the creator God of heaven is a prime focus of the whore and the Protestant churches that have consumed her lies. The law of the true God is made of none effect:
Revelation 13 : 4 And they worshipped the dragon which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him?
Worship and adoration of the dragon and the beast by those whose names are not written in the book of life is blasphemy.
Revelation 13: 5 And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months.
6 And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven.
7 And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations.
8 And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.
The seventh day sabbath of the Creator God established since the creation of the world is deemed insignificant and superseded by the first day of the week as an appropriate day for all nations to rest and worship on. The 'trinity' god is the god of this new order. The Papal influences are overwhelming at this time. The Papacy's deadly wound has been healed and the beast from the bottomless pit, Satan's one world government, eagerly endorses a day not sanctified by the Creator. War is then declared on the true God's saints. History repeats. Except this time Satan himself will manifest as Christ. He will be the 'eighth' king!
Revelation 17:10 And there are seven kings: five are fallen, and one is, and the other is not yet come; and when he cometh, he must continue a short space.
In verse 10 we are introduced to the seven kings of the seven kingdoms. At the time John views the beast the sixth king is ruling. The seventh king is yet to appear and when he does will only continue for a short time.
The next verse reveals the final king who "was and is not". The beast which the woman rides IS once more present and as the final king will exert a powerful influence on last day events in this world's future. It is the description in verse 11 which is most astounding. We have an eighth king who is not one of the heads but who will rule as the eighth king but ultimately go into perdition - the beast from the bottomless pit himself! The description: "even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition."
11 And the beast that was, and is not, even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition.
How can the beast from the bottomless pit be the eighth king?
"The beast that thou sawest was, and is not; and shall ascend out of the bottomless pit, and go into perdition." In the third phase the 'YET IS' phase the beast from the bottomless pit ascends. Where can we find evidence of this in Revelation?
Revelation 9
1 And the fifth angel sounded, and I saw a star fall from heaven unto the earth: and to him was given the key of the bottomless pit.
2 And he opened the bottomless pit; and there arose a smoke out of the pit, as the smoke of a great furnace; and the sun and the air were darkened by reason of the smoke of the pit.
A fallen star from heaven is given the key to the bottomless pit. That fallen star is Satan:
Isaiah 14:12 How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations!
In the fifth trumpet Satan receives the key to the bottomless pit and releases his devilish hordes from the bottomless pit. He is described in Revelation 9 as the king of the bottomless pit:
11 And they had a king over them, which is the angel of the bottomless pit, whose name in the Hebrew tongue is Abaddon, but in the Greek tongue hath his name Apollyon.
As king of the bottomless pit Satan arises when given the key. "There are seven kings: five are fallen, and one is, and the other is not yet come; and when he cometh, he must continue a short space.
11 And the beast that was, and is not, even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition.
The beast from the bottomless pit is the EIGHTH king. Satan is the EIGHTH king. He is of the seven and will go into perdition. All seven previous kings or kingdoms on earth have been brought into existence in an attempt by Satan to establish HIS earthly kingdom. The seven crowned heads on the red dragon represent those seven kingdoms. The seventh king will only continue a short space because Satan will arise deceiving the nations personating Christ. The Vatican city and its leader the Pope will accept Satan as the true Christ and bow down and worship him. The kingdom will be transferred to the authority of its true king - Christ (who in reality is Satan).
2 Thessalonians 2:9 Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders,
10 And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved.
11 And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie:
The strong delusion prophesied by Paul is the appearance of the eighth king - the beast from the bottomless pit - Satan himself.
Another important reference to the beast from the bottomless pit is found in Revelation 11:
3 And I will give power unto my two witnesses, and they shall prophesy a thousand two hundred and threescore days, clothed in sackcloth. note
4 These are the two olive trees, and the two candlesticks standing before the God of the earth.
5 And if any man will hurt them, fire proceedeth out of their mouth, and devoureth their enemies: and if any man will hurt them, he must in this manner be killed.
6 These have power to shut heaven, that it rain not in the days of their prophecy: and have power over waters to turn them to blood, and to smite the earth with all plagues, as often as they will.
7 And when they shall have finished their testimony, the beast that ascendeth out of the bottomless pit shall make war against them, and shall overcome them, and kill them.
The beast from the bottomless pit - the eighth king - Satan the fallen star is going to make war against God's witnesses after they have given their testimony. This very same 'war' is referred to in Daniel 12:
7 And I heard the man clothed in linen, which was upon the waters of the river, when he held up his right hand and his left hand unto heaven, and sware by him that liveth for ever that it shall be for a time, times, and an half; and when he shall have accomplished to scatter the power of the holy people, all these things shall be finished.
The time, times and an half is equivalent to the 'a thousand two hundred and threescore days', of Revelation 11. The scattering of the power of the holy people is accomplished in the war declared by the beast of the bottomless pit - Satan. It is also referred to in Daniel 11:
44 But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him: therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many.
Comparing scripture with scripture helps us view the panorama of events taking place during the time of the end. The beast from the bottomless pit formed in the image of its creator and king – Satan - has persuaded ten kings and their kingdoms to join in the conquest of God's witnesses:
Revelation 17:12 And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, which have received no kingdom as yet; but receive power as kings one hour with the beast.
13 These have one mind, and shall give their power and strength unto the beast.
These ten kings are symbolically represented on the beast in Revelation 13:
1 And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy.
These ten kings represented by the ten crowned horns give their power and strength to the beast and the crowns on the horns indicate the time this beast is pictured - it is when the kings of Revelation 17 receive power as kings one hour with the beast.
This beast is also pictured warring against God's witnesses:
Revelation 13:7 And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations.
The time period referred to when this conflict is taking place is also mentioned:
5 And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months.
Exactly the same period as aforementioned in Revelation Eleven.
The beast from the bottomless pit will arise again! Its arrival is imminent. The dragon will be the eighth king and will gladly welcome the kingdom he has worked so feverishly to engineer. A kingdom of united powers that will war against the lamb of God coming in the clouds of heaven:
Revelation 17:14 These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful.
God will be victorious and will redeem his people from the earth:
Isaiah 25:9 And it shall be said in that day, Lo, this is our God; we have waited for him, and he will save us: this is the LORD; we have waited for him, we will be glad and rejoice in his salvation.
SPIRIT OF PROPHECY - INSPIRATION
The Sabbath question will be the issue in the great conflict in which all the world will act a part. “They worshiped the dragon which gave power to the beast; and they worshiped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him? And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemy; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months. And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven. And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them; and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations. And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.” [Revelation 13:4-8.] 12LtMs, Ms 88, 1897, par. 15
“If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.” [Verse 9.] This warning is given to every son and daughter of Adam; and it is repeated over and over again. 12LtMs, Ms 88, 1897, par. 16
“He that leadeth into captivity shall go into captivity; he killeth with the sword must be killed with the sword. Here is the patience and faith of the saints.” [Verse 10.] This entire chapter is a revelation of what will surely take place. “And I beheld another beast coming up out of the earth; and he had two horns like a lamb, and he spake as a dragon. ... And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast, that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause that as many as would not worship the image of the beast should be killed. And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand or in their foreheads; and that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark or the number of the beast, or the number of his name.” [Verses 11, 15-17.] 12LtMs, Ms 88, 1897, par. 17
Notes on ‘Scarlet’
Revelation 17:3 So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns.
In the description of the Revelation 13 beast there is no mention of colour but this extra information is freely given in Revelation 17. The beast is scarlet coloured.
Revelation 17:4 And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication:
The woman atop of the beast is arrayed in purple and scarlet colour. The colour scarlet is often associated with 'royalty'. Scarlet was a preferred colour used in the tabernacle of God. It was used in curtains, vails, priestly garments eg. ephod and in sacrifices. Christ was clothed in a purple robe as a mocking gesture and 'Hailed' as King of the Jews before he was led off to his crucifixion. Daniel was also offered a scarlet robe as a reward for explaining to the King the meaning of his dream. Scarlet is also one of the items of merchandise that they can no longer sell after the destruction of Babylon.
Revelation 18:16 And saying, Alas, alas, that great city, that was clothed in fine linen, and purple, and scarlet, and decked with gold, and precious stones, and pearls!
17 For in one hour so great riches is come to nought. And every shipmaster, and all the company in ships, and sailors, and as many as trade by sea, stood afar off,
18 And cried when they saw the smoke of her burning, saying, What city is like unto this great city!
Spiritual Babylon's riches will come to nought. Although her dress and outward appearance was in scarlet highlighting her royal/queenly status and affirming her as a worthy source of spiritual enlightenment the colour scarlet also can represent sin. Her clothing belies her character. The purple and scarlet clothing covers the most heinous sins you could imagine. The golden cup in her hand is full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication.
Her scarlet apparel is deceiving. Although adorned in what appears as beautiful and attractive she is in reality covering her lies, her murders and her godless soul. She has cast aside the truth and promoted blasphemy against the creator God.
Comparisons between Revelation 13 and Revelation 17
Bibliography
https://www.krugerpark.co.za/Kruger_National_Park_Wildlife-travel/kruger-park-wildlife-leopards.html
White, E G, 1898, The Desire of Ages, Mountain View, CA: Pacific Press Publishing Association
Wikipedia Contributors, ‘Holy See’ Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_See > [Accessed 6 December 2021]
Wikipedia Contributors, ‘Vatican City’ Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia,
< https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_City > [Accessed 6 December 2021]
Wikipedia Contributors, ‘Absolute Monarchy’ Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia,
< https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_monarchy > [Accessed 6 December 2021]
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[Accessed 5 December 2021]
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https://www.krugerpark.co.za/Kruger_National_Park_Wildlife-travel/kruger-park-wildlife-leopards.html
White, E G, 1898, The Desire of Ages, Mountain View, CA: Pacific Press Publishing Association
Wikipedia Contributors, ‘Holy See’ Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_See > [Accessed 6 December 2021]
Wikipedia Contributors, ‘Vatican City’ Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia,
< https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_City > [Accessed 6 December 2021]
Wikipedia Contributors, ‘Absolute Monarchy’ Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia,
< https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_monarchy > [Accessed 6 December 2021]
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/29/world/europe/cop26-pope-francis-climate.html
[Accessed 5 December 2021]
White, E G, Manuscript Releases, vol. 19 [Nos 1360-1419], 12LtMs, Ms 88, 1897, par. 17
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